The Federal Election Commission (FEC) has dismissed allegations against several universities, including Wayne State, regarding filmmaker Michael Moore's appearance on their campuses shortly before the 2004 presidential election. The original complaint was filed by David T. Hardy, an Arizona lawyer and vocal critic of Moore, who alleged that universities made illegal corporate campaign contributions by paying Moore, who advocated for Democratic Sen. John Kerry's election. The FEC decided that this did not violate any campaign finance laws.